Monday, 1 September 2014

Young Adult Fiction: Technology Reading List

This list has been updated: a newer, expanded version can be found at  http://richardshakeshaft.blogspot.co.uk/2017/02/young-adult-fiction-technology-reading.html
17 February, 2017
I have blogged reading lists as I have gone along, but I am now finding it useful to have a entire list - dare I say, 'bibliography' - of the primary texts I have read. While the majority of the books listed here are YA texts, there are some which are examples of 'classic' science fiction texts and these offer a little (historical) context for the more contemporary texts.

This list is the most up to date and replaces any previous instalments: the links on each title are to Amazon and the list is sorted chronologically and then by author. I am sure the list will be updated again in the future, but until then I offer this as a good starting point for any (Y)A readers interested in technology and the concomitant dystopian worlds which accompany it.

2013
iD - Madeline Ashby (2013)
In the sequel to vN, Javier, a self-replicating humanoid is taken on a quest from Amy’s island, where his actions have devastating consequences for his friend, toward Mecha where he will find either salvation or death.
The Mad Scientist's Daughter - Cassandra Rose Clarke (2013)
The billion dollar android, Finn, looks and acts like a human and is programmed to assist his owners and perform his duties to perfection. His primary duty is to tutor Cat and he becomes her guardian and constant companion. However, he begins to learn what it is to be human as he tries to find his place in the world and her heart.
The Different Girl - Gordon Dalquist (2013)
Four nearly identical girl live on a desert island with two adults who care for them and teach them. Unexpectedly a shipwreck brings a very different kind of girl to the island and her presence makes the girls question their own existence.
The Eye of the Minds - James Dashner (2013)
For Michael and other gamers, VirtNet makes their fantasies become real; the better their hacking skills, the more fun they can have. However, o ne gamer has been taking people hostage inside the VirtNet with hideous consequences to their real lives. The government asks Michael to track down the rogue gamer and the line between game and reality gets horribly blurred.
MILA 2.0 - Debra Driza (2013)
After the sudden death of her father, Mila’s at a new school, trying to fit in and falling for the mysterious. When she is involved in a car accident, she discovers she is not human and then learns that her life is a fiction and she cannot even rely on her emotions to tell her who she is. As she fights to find out who she really is and to protect her 'mom', she finds out there is much more to her life.
Proxy - Alex London (2013)
As a wealthy Patron, Knox has everything he could want. When he does something wrong his Proxy - Syd - is punished for it. Knox and Syd meet unexpectedly and realis e the only way to beat the system is to save each other from themselves and a death sentence respectively.
The Best of All Possible Worlds - Karen Lord (2013)
The Sadiri were once the galaxy's ruling élite, but now their home planet and most of the population has been destroyed. Impulsive civil servant Grace Delarua is assigned to work with a controlled and taciturn Sadiri Councillor, on a mission to visit distant communities, looking for possible mates.
Scarlet - Marissa Meyer (2013)
The sequel to Cinder, in which Scarlet turns to Wolf, a street fighter, when her grandmother goes missing. At the same time, Cinder becomes the Commonwealth's most wanted fugitive as she breaks out of prison to escape from Queen Levana. The stories collide as Cinder's true identity is discovered and she becomes a greater threat to Levana.
Crux - Ramez Naam (2013)
In the sequel to Nexus, six months have passed since the release of Nexus 5 and the world is a different, more dangerous place. Terrorists, or freedom fighters, use Nexus to turn men and women into human time bombs and a government scientist and Nexus addict uncovers the forces behind the assassinations, and finds himself in a maze with no way out: the first blows in the war between human and post-human have been struck.
Nexus - Ramez Naam (2013)
In the near future, the experimental nano-drug Nexus can link human minds together. There are some people who want to improve it, some who want to eradicate it and others who want to exploit it. When Kade, a young computer scientist, is caught improving Nexus, he finds himself in a world of danger and international espionage.
More Than This - Patrick Ness (2013)
A boy called Seth drowns, desperate and alone in his final moments, but then he wakes. He is naked, thirsty, starving, but alive. He finds himself in what appears to be the suburban English town where he lived as a child, but the neighbourhood is overgrown, covered in dust and completely abandoned. Seth searches for answers, hoping that he might not be alone, and that it might not be the hell he fears it to be.
The Originals - Cat Patrick (2013)
The three teenage sisters grew up as identical triplets until they discovered they’re clones. The Best family appears to consist of a single mother with one daughter named Elizabeth as the sisters share one life between three. When one meets a boy, she realizes that she’s not a carbon copy of her sisters and begins to dismantle the delicate balance of her unusual family that only science could have created.
Fractured - Teri Terry (2013)
This is the sequel to Slated, in which Kyla's memory was erased and her personality wiped blank. However, she begins to remember things that she shouldn't as she encounters actions and people from her past. Finding out more about who she was confounds the question of who she is and what decisions she must make about her future.
Reboot - Amy Tintera (2013)
Five years ago, Wren Connolly was shot three times in the chest. After 178 minutes she came back as a Reboot: stronger, faster, able to heal, and less emotional. She serves as a soldier for the Human Advancement and Repopulation Corporation and finds herself training a new Reboot who, as a 22, is practically human.
Boy Nobody - Allen Zadoff (2013)
Boy Nobody is the perennial new kid in school who few notice. He shows up in a new high school, in a new town, under a new name and makes few friends, staying only long enough to accomplish his mission as an operative for a shadowy government organisation which uses brainwashed kids as counter-espionage operatives.
2012
vN - Madeline Ashby (2012)
The protagonist, Amy Peterson, is a Von Neumann machine - a self-replicating humanoid robot - who for the past five years has been grown slowly as part of a mixed organic/synthetic family. However, a flaw is discovered in her synthetic heritage which prevents her failsafe, the mechanism which stops robots harming humans, working as it should turning her into both a deadly and desirable entity.
MazeCheat - B R Collins (2012)
The sequel to Gamerunner, in which cheat programmers work with gamerunners to uncover the secrets behind the latest expansion to CRATER's Maze. If players finally manage to beat the game, it takes their brain and memories to use as material for new games for new Gamerunners, leaving them dead. But no one knows this yet. When the heroes realise what is happening they need to destroy the game, but the all-seeing CRATER already knows what their plans are.
Lay Saints - Adam Connell (2012)
Calder is able to read minds, but the noise means he avoids people. In New York a gang of black-market telepaths figures out who and what he is. They force him to help them pull off a big-ticket job, swaying the vote of a powerful politician. Another gang is working the other side of this job, and Calder is caught in a game of manipulation and shifting alliances.
Pirate Cinema - Cory Doctorow (2012)
The sixteen year old Trent McCauley is obsessed with making movies by sampling and reassembling footage downloaded from the net. However, in the near-future Britain where Trent is growing up, this is more illegal than ever: if someone is caught three times, their entire household is cut off from the Internet for a year. When Trent is caught, the loss of the Internet nearly destroys his family and he runs away to London where falls in with a group of activists fighting a new bill that will further criminalise digital copying.
Soul Fire - Kate Harrison (2012)
The sequel to 2011's Soul Beach sees its protagonist continuing to talk to her dead sister in the virtual world of Soul Beach as she tries to solve the mystery of its inhabitants' deaths from the real world
1.4 - Mike Lancaster (2012)
The sequel to 0.4 sees another imminent upgrade to humans, but it is set against the backdrop of the protagonist, Peter Vincent (son of an internationally renowned scientist), uncovering a conspiracy amongst the leaders of the establishment to hide the knowledge of human upgrades from the populace.
Glimpse - Claire Merle (2012)
People in England are divided into Pures and Crazies according to the results of a DNA test, and until the age of fifteen, Ana lived a privileged existence amongst the Pures, but her whole world crumbles when she finds out that there was a mistake with her Pure test.
Cinder - Marissa Meyer (2012)
A retelling of the Cinderella story in which the eponymous Cinder is a gifted mechanic and cyborg.
Fair Coin - E C Myers (2012)
Science fiction in the best sense of the term: alternative worlds, quantum theory, teenagers, and a the flip of a coin. To say anything else would completely give the novel away!
Starters - Lissa Price (2012)
Callie lost her parents when a virus attacked the Earth and then she lost what to her was home. In desperation she tried to raise money by participating in an illicit scheme whereby teenager bodies are leased to wealthy, but aged, renters. Finally, she loses her body too but she is determined to get it back.
Insurgent - Veronica Roth (2012)
In the sequel to Divergent, Tris is consumed by grief and guilt having survived a brutal attack on her former home and family and she becomes ever more reckless as she struggles to accept her new future. However, she has to find a new strength is to uncover the truth about her world as she faces more shocking choices and sacrifices.
Unwholly - Neal Shusterman (2012)
In the second book in the Unwind "Dystology", the teenage escapees continue to fight against the system that would 'unwind' them. A new character, Cam, is introduced: he is a 'rewound' made entirely out of parts from one hundred other 'unwinds', and struggles to find a true identity and meaning, and a place in society.
Slated - Teri Terry (2012)
Kyla's memory has been erased and her personality has been wiped blank: she's been Slated. The government claims she was a terrorist and that they are giving her a second chance as long as she plays by their rules. However, echoes of the past whisper in Kyla's mind and she starts to search for the truth.
You Shouldn't Call Me Mommy - Susan Tsui (2012)
Orphaned as a little boy, Jay was raised by an artificial parent to become an upstanding member of society. Jay's older brother Ian still remembers their real parents and has never understood Jay's connection to his nanny-bot. As Ian and Jay try to understand each other and themselves they explore the nature of attachment and family loyalties.
Feedback - Robinson Wells (2012)
The second book in the Variant series sees the teenage Benson Fisher, who thought that a scholarship to Maxfield Academy would be the ticket out of his dead-end life, discovers the school's real secret. He escapes, only to find a town in which he finds all the pupils who he thought had died, and learns that the academy's plans may be impossible to foil.
2011
The Future of Us - Jay Asher & Carolyn Mackler (2011)
Set in 1996, two teenagers access the Internet and discover a site called Facebook which shows them what their life will be like fifteen years in the future; they are duly able to see the implications of their teenage decisions on their adult lives.
i2 - James Bannon (2011)
While creating a new procedure by which memories are uploaded, stored and transferred to a new body, the inventor is diagnosed with terminal cancer. He use the procedure on himself, preparing to begin life again. However, instead of being born to the woman he loves, he is born into the family of his rival: a man who has stolen his company and his family. As he reconciles his intellect being trapped within the form of a helpless child he embarks on rebuilding his life.
Ready Player One - Ernest Cline (2011)
In a dystopian future, the teenage Wade Watts spends his waking hours jacked into the OASIS, a virtual utopia where people can live the lives they want. In his spare time, he is one of millions searching for the solution to a series of riddles concealed within the online world by its creator, in a bid to inherit his massive fortune. Players know that the riddles are based in late C20th culture and when Wade stumbles onto the key to the first puzzle he finds himself competing against many others in a competition which takes on real-world dimensions.
Gamerunner - B R Collins (2011)
The Maze is a virtual reality game but one game does not allow the player to start again when they lose.
The Maze Runner - James Dashner (2011)
Thomas only remembers his first name and is welcomed to the Glade - a walled encampment at the centre of a bizarre and terrible stone maze - by a group of similar male teenagers. None of them know why or how they came to be there, or what's happened to the world outside: all they know is that every morning when the walls slide back, they will risk everything (even facing the half-machine, half-animal Grievers) to try and find out.
brainjack - Brian Falkner (2011)
An extraordinarily skilled teenage hacker becomes involved in a world of espionage, intrigue and cybercrime when a remarkable hack grabs the attention of a secret government agency.
Soul Beach - Kate Harrison (2011)
When the heroine receives an e-mail from her dead sister she assumes it is a sick practical joke, but then she receives an invitation to join an idyllic virtual reality world where she is able to talk to her sister again but discovers it is only inhabited by the young, the beautiful and the dead.
0.4 - Mike Lancaster (2011)
A teenager's account of a life-changing event has been transcribed from audio tapes and appear to reveal the history of a world in which technological obsolescence becomes personal.
You have seven messages - Stewart Lewis (2011)
A year after Luna's mother, the fashion-model wife of a successful film director, was hit and killed by a taxi in New York, Luna, her father, and brother are still struggling with grief. Luna finds her mother's mobile phone and it contains seven unheard messages. As Luna listens to them, she learns more about her mother and realises that what she's been told about her death is not the whole truth.
Momentum - Saci Lloyd (2011)
In a future London affected by global energy wars, the cruel Kossak soldiers prowl the streets, keeping the Outsiders - the poor, the disenfranchised - in check. Hunter is a Citizen, one of the privileged of society, but when he meets Outsider Uma, he is quickly drawn into their world - and into an electrifying and dangerous race to protect everything they hold dear.
Scored - Lauren McLaughlin (2011)
Set in a future in which teenagers are monitored by technology, they are all given a score which determines their ability to succeed. The reluctant heroine's scholarship-winning score is brought down by her best friend's behaviour. She is then faced with the decision between doing what feels morally right and her future.
Delirium - Lauren Oliver (2011)
Love, or deliria, is seen by society as a disease from which there is no recovery, but citizens receive the cure on their eighteenth birthday when love is eradicated and they meet their predetermined partner. The teenage protagonist, Lena Holoway, has always looked forward to the day when she’ll be cured but, with ninety-five days until her treatment, Lena falls in love.
Divergent - Veronica Roth (2011)
Reaching the age of 16, Beatrice has to decide which of five tribes she will join for the rest of her life. Turning her back on her family she discovers a new and violent life and duly has to make choices about where her loyalties lie.
The Predicteds - Christine Seifert (2011)
The experimental Profile programme is able to determine students' future behaviour, and the 'bad kids' names are kept on a list of Predicteds. The protagonist, Daphne, falls for Jesse, but his name is on the list.
Variant - Robison Wells (2011)
Problem child Benson Fisher wins a scholarship to Maxfield Academy, but when he arrives there he finds himself trapped in a school surrounded by razor wire and monitored by an external agency. He eventually discovers the reason why he and the other students are cut off from the rest of the world and that escape may prove impossible.
2010
iBoy - Kevin Brooks (2010)
An accident leaves the teenage protagonist with an iPhone embedded in his brain but rather than it killing him, he harnesses the iPhone's capabilities.
Mockingjay (Hunger Games Book 3) - Suzanne Collins (2010)
Katniss Everdeen has, against all odds, survived the Hunger Games twice, but although she has made it out of the arena alive, she is still not safe. The Capitol is angry and wants revenge. She becomes the figurehead of District 13 and the rebellion against the Capitol and sees the life she wants becoming increasingly difficult to achieve.
Matched - Ally Condie (2010)
A dystopian society is controlled by technology and people's seventeenth birthday sees them given their perfect partner as dictated by society. Cassia's allotted partner turns out not to be the perfect match that society demands.
Monster Republic - Ben Horton (2010)
An explosion in a nuclear power plant leads to a class of visiting teenagers being patched up with scavenged body parts and bionic implants to create an army of superhuman soldiers.
Metagame - Sam Landstrom (2010)
Computer gaming becomes a way of life and the players' limits are explored in the virtual world where the winner takes all.
Wired - Robin Wasserman (2010)
Set a further six months after Crashed, this is the final part of the Skinned trilogy. Lia discovers that everything she thought she knew is a lie and everyone she thought she loved has been stolen away. With her life - her uploaded consciousness - and those of her Mech friends, she sets about trying to save everyone.
2009
Dot.Robot - Jason Bradbury (2009)
Technologically proficient children are recruited to use the latest technology in a classic tale of good versus evil.
Catching Fire (Hunger Games Book 2) - Suzanne Collins (2009)
After winning the Hunger Games, Katniss Everdeen returns to her district, hoping for a peaceful future, but she hear rumours of a deadly rebellion against the Capitol which she and Peeta have helped to create. As they are forced to visit the districts on their Victory Tour they have to convince the world that they are still in love with each other or the consequences will be horrifying.
Crashed - Robin Wasserman (2009)
Set six months later, this is the sequel to Skinned. When a voice from Lia's past cries out for revenge, she is forced to choose between her old, human, life and her new one. As she reaches her decision issues of mortality, technology and morality are all considered and explored.
Skinned - Robin Wasserman (2009)
A popular teenage girl is involved in a near fatal traffic accident, and her brain is downloaded and installed into a new body and she has to discover her new identity.
2008
hero.com: Rise of the Heroes - Andy Briggs (2008)
While surfing the net during a lightning storm, a group of teenage friends discover they have access to superhero powers at the click of a mouse, although they don't know what the powers will be until they try them. They learn that having super powers brings responsibilities and when a weather-altering super-villain kidnaps their mum, they have to decide to save her or the world.
villain.net: Council of Evil - Andy Briggs (2008)
In the partner series to hero.com, school bully Jake Hunter receives a mysterious email inviting him to join a scheme for world domination and the prospect of unlimited power and wealth proves irresistible. However, to get it he has to become an arch-criminal, entangled in a plan that threatens the planet and he has to make some decisions for himself.
The Hunger Games - Suzanne Collins (2008)
Twenty-four teenagers are selected at random and are placed into a reality TV game in which the winner is the last person alive.
Little Brother - Cory Doctorow (2008)
Set in contemporary San Francisco, the teenager protagonist stands up for civil liberties having been falsely accused of a terrorist offence and plays a game of cat and mouse with the government in which both sides are using technology to their advantage.
The Adoration of Jenna Fox - Mary E Pearson (2008)
A seventeen-year-old girl wakes from a coma and is told her name is Jenna Fox. Initially, she has no other memories, but she gradually begins to rediscover her identity and starts to find out what happened to her.
Unwind - Neal Shusterman (2008)
Unwinding means the end of a teenager's life, but such unwanted individuals are kept alive for their body parts. Three runaways fight the system and for their right to their life.
2007
Incarceron - Catherine Fisher (2007)
Incarceron is a futuristic prison world where the descendants of the original prisoners; it is a mix of high technology (a living building pervades the novel as an ever-watchful, ever-vengeful character), and mediaeval torture chamber. A young prisoner, Finn, has visions of an earlier life, and cannot believe he was born in Incarceron. He makes contact with the daughter of the Warden, Claudia, in the Outer World, and his escape is planned.
Hybrids - David Thorpe (2007)
A virus infects humans causing them to fuse with an item of technology they use a lot and the resultant hybrids are feared by the uninfected humans.
Hacking Harvard - Robin Wasserman (2007)
A group of high achieving geeks accept the ultimate challenge to use their technical and social engineering skills to get a fully unqualified slacker into the most prestigious college in America.
2005
Uglies - Scott Westerfield (2005)
When teenagers reach the age of sixteen they are made Pretty and they are told this is their lives' purpose. Not everyone agrees and this novel follows the story of a girl deciding to follow the rebels.
2004
The Game of Sunken Places - M T Anderson (2004)
Two boys visit the mansion of a distant relative and their discovery of a board game leads to an adventure which takes place beyond the confines of the board.
ttyl - Lauren Myracle (2004)
Written entirely in instant messages, the lives and loves of three girls are shown through their conversations over a few weeks.
Be More Chill - Ned Vizzini (2004)
A teenager ingests a squip - a new organic supercomputer purchased on the black market - which advises him how to behave in order to win the girl of his dreams.
So yesterday - Scott Westerfield (2004)
This novel explores the world of following fashions and the creation of new trends in contemporary New York.
2002
Feed - M T Anderson (2002)
In a dystopian vision of the future, everyone who's anyone is connected to the feed. The typical rich boy/poor girl story follows a teenage couple's relationship when their feeds are hacked.
Golem 1: Magic Berber - Marie-Aude Murail, Lorris Murail, Elvire Murail (2002)
A group of children on an inner-city council estate encounter a new computer game which hijacks their computer and seems to bleed into the reality of their lives.
2001
e-love - Caroline Plaisted (2001)
Sam, the teenage female protagonist meets 17 year-old Dan in an online chatroom and they soon become the closest of friends. They eventually meet in person and e-love charts the 'highs and lows of internet love going real-life'.
2000
Hex: Ghosts - Rhiannon Lassiter (2000)
The third book in the Hex series in which those with the Hex gene are being hunted down by the security forces. However, they also find themselves facing a new form of an old enemy within the net on which the world relies for communication, and only one Hex can save them.
The Last Book in the Universe - Rodman Philbrick (2000)
In a land dominated by vicious gangs and mind probe entertainment, Spaz is alone. His foster sister is the only good thing in his life and she is dying. Determined to save her, Spaz bravely sets out into dangerous and forbidden territory, accompanied only by an old man, with his philosophies and memories of what the world once was.
1999
Dangerous Reality - Malorie Blackman (1999)
The Virtual Mobile Interactive System developed by the hero's mum is the subject of industrial espionage and people's obsession with technology is shown through their actions.
Hex: Shadows - Rhiannon Lassiter (1999)
The second book in the Hex series. Having rescued Revenge, their sister, from the government facility where she was tested for her Hex powers, Raven, Wraith and her are now outlaws on the run from a government set on the destruction of the Hex gene.
1998
Hex - Rhiannon Lassiter (1998)
Set in 24th century London, the government is hunting down Hexes who are mutant humans whose mutation gives them an ability to interact with computers. The female protagonist, Raven, is a young Hex hunting for her younger sister.
1995
The Night Room - E M Goldman (1995)
A group of seven high school students are chosen to participate in the Argus project which offers them a virtual reality projection of their possible tenth high school reunion. However, one student is not at the VR reunion and the others try to find out why Argus predicts she will be dead.
1992
Snow Crash - Neal Stephenson (1992)
The Metaverse is the Internet's successor and provides a cyberspace home to avatars and software daemons, where anything goes. Newly available on the Street is Snow Crash, a cyberdrug; however, Snow Crash is also a computer virus which infects the person behind the avatar.
1986
All Geared Up (Not Quite Human Book 2) - Seth McEvoy (1986)
The protagonist - Chip - appears as any teenage boy, but in reality he is an advanced robot. His sister knows and helps to protect his secret as he becomes the school's best drummer, but with a girl thinking he is really special and a rival drummer set on revenge keeping his identity secret gets increasingly difficult.
1977
Ender's Game - Orson Scott Card (1977)
The human race faces annihilation from an alien invasion, and to defend humanity the government must create the greatest military commander in history and Ender Wiggin is their last hope, but first he must survive the rigours of a brutal military training programme to prove that he can be the leader of all leaders. A saviour for mankind must be produced, through whatever means possible, but the government maybe creating a hero or a monster.
1957
The Black Cloud - Fred Hoyle (1957)
The classic science fiction tale tracks the progress of a giant black cloud coming towards Earth and sitting in front of the sun, which causes widespread panic and death. A select group of scientists and astronomers engage in a mad race to understand and communicate with the cloud, battling against trigger happy politicians.
1923
The Clockwork Man - E V Odle (1923)
Not a YA text, but a fascinating historical text as the quiet of a village cricket match is interrupted by a mechanical creation from the future. Exploring the nature of what it means to be human and possible directions for the human race, this is a great glimpse back into the science fiction of 90 years ago.

Tuesday, 26 August 2014

Relationship Similarity Quotient

Despite all my personal research being wholly qualitative, my geeky character has always quite liked quantitative data (but I don't usually shout about this).

In a recent conversation, I was talking about the way in which couples need a certain degree of difference for their relationship to be successful. One of my interlocutors was trying to suggest percentage differences: for example, there should be 40% similarity and 60% difference for a successful relationship.

As everyone knows, statistics can be used to prove anything, and this seemed to be one of those instances in which they are used in a meaningless manner. However, I was duly reminded of something I noticed several years ago when considering my wife's and my Facebook profiles.

I have 539 Facebook friends (and obviously, for 'friends', read 'acquaintances', I know much research has gone into the number of real friendships a person can maintain). My wife has 554 friends (ditto), but out of this fairly similar number only 191 are 'mutual friends'.

Realistically, I know that 'life-similarity' cannot be measured quantitatively, but I wondered what these Facebook statistics could show. I therefore propose a relationship similarity quotient (RSQ), calculated as follows (without mathematical symbols as I do not know how to include them in Blogger):

Average number of friends = ( My total friends + Partner's total friends ) / 2

( Total mutual friends / Average number of friends ) * 100 = RSQ

Or, in figures,

546.5 = ( 539 + 554 ) / 2

( 191 / 546.5 ) * 100 = 34.9

At the time of writing, my wife and I therefore have a RSQ of 34.9 (or a little over a third of our lives).

I know there is a big difference between what I am terming 'friends' and 'acquaintances', but this difference is also the heart of where our independent lives live and the difference is therefore relevant as a part of the RSQ.

I propose this out of genuine interest, although also in the spirit of more light-hearted mathematical amusement. I would be interested to know other people's RSQ (and it can, of course, be used to measure any relationship, not just with your significant other). If you are happy to comment with your RSQ and the relationship you have measured, it might be possible to discover a relatively fixed range of RSQs for different types of relationships.

This is obviously a very simplistic measure, and the ages of the people involved can have an impact on the result, along with the way they chose to use Facebook and therefore the way in which they add friends and acquaintances. However, as a starting point, it would be interesting to see how well it works, or to hear thoughts from those qualified to comment on statistics!

Saturday, 24 May 2014

Billy bookcase height extension units

Apparently there have been some 41 million Billy bookcases sold by Ikea since their launch in 1979, and I have at least 17 of them and need to order some more soon. As part of our recent building project we have had a garden office built and set out to equip it with Billys. Sadly, it is not quite tall enough for the full height 202cm bookcases so we have had to buy the shorter 106cm units.

However, Ikea sell extension units, but they are only intended to go on the full height units. This is frustrating as I could fit a four shelf unit into the new office quite easily. Not being an avid DIYer, I considered this and worked out that even I could get the extension units connected to the half height units.

All the needs to happen is for two holes to be drilled in the top of the bookcases. Measuring from the back of the side panels, a hole with a 5mm diameter and 10mm depth (wrap some insulating tape around the drill bit 10mm from the end and stop drilling when it meets the shelf) needs to be drilled with a centre at 241.5mm and at 8.5mm from the edges. Once this has been drilled on either side, Ikea's instructions can be followed again.

One other little refinement I made was flipping over the top shelf of the extension so that the four locking screws are inside the bookcase, rather than being on the top (as a four shelf unit is still low enough to see the top easily).

The extension units have these holes drilled in them so a further extension unit could easily be added to the top making a five shelf unit.

These measurements worked for me today with the units I bought recently. If Ikea modify their design at any point, I cannot guarantee they will work again: if you have found this post while looking to see if the extension units can be added to the 106cm bookcases, do check the measurements carefully on your units.

Update: May 2021
Having just had a loft conversion finished, I'm in the same Ikea/DIY position as I was nearly seven years ago to the day! I have just fitted two extension units which I have just bought to the 106cm Billy shelf units in exactly the same way, using exactly the same measurements.

Sunday, 19 January 2014

Technology, Dystopia and Young Adults VII

This list has been updated: a newer, expanded version can be found at  http://richardshakeshaft.blogspot.co.uk/2017/02/young-adult-fiction-technology-reading.html
17 February, 2017
My reading continues as new books are published, and over the past few months I have read various new books, but also several sequels to books I've previously listed and touched on some classic science fiction. This is therefore the latest instalment of the related reading I have been doing since my sixth such blog post last July.

As always, this is a collection of primary texts which are connected by the common thread of incorporating technology within their plots, and increasingly being concerned with the nature of humanity in technocentric worlds. For other readers this, and my previous posts, remain a remarkably up-to-date list of YA novels in this genre; my Amazon account still has some yet-to-be-published novels listed in the current orders, I keep scouring publishers' book lists for new additions, and I have more texts sitting awaiting my attention so this is unlikely to be my final reading list post (although I know I am going to have to stop reading soon...)

The order of the list is simply the order in which I have read the texts, and there is therefore no significance to it. I have included a brief descriptions against each title, but each image links to Amazon where fuller descriptions and reviews can be found.

iD - Madeline Ashby (2013)
In the sequel to vN, Javier, a self-replicating humanoid is taken on a quest from Amy’s island, where his actions have devastating consequences for his friend, toward Mecha where he will find either salvation or death.\qq
Ender's Game - Orson Scott Card (1977)
The human race faces annihilation from an alien invasion, and to defend humanity the government must create the greatest military commander in history and Ender Wiggin is their last hope, but first he must survive the rigours of a brutal military training programme to prove that he can be the leader of all leaders. A saviour for mankind must be produced, through whatever means possible, but the government maybe creating a hero or a monster.
The Black Cloud - Fred Hoyle (1957)
The classic science fiction tale tracks the progress of a giant black cloud coming towards Earth and sitting in front of the sun, which causes widespread panic and death. A select group of scientists and astronomers engage in a mad race to understand and communicate with the cloud, battling against trigger happy politicians.
Insurgent - Veronica Roth (2012)
In the sequel to Divergent, Tris is consumed by grief and guilt having survived a brutal attack on her former home and family and she becomes ever more reckless as she struggles to accept her new future. However, she has to find a new strength is to uncover the truth about her world as she faces more shocking choices and sacrifices.
Lay Saints Adam Connell (2012)
Calder is able to read minds, but the noise means he avoids people. In New York a gang of black-market telepaths figures out who and what he is. They force him to help them pull off a big-ticket job, swaying the vote of a powerful politician. Another gang is working the other side of this job, and Calder is caught in a game of manipulation and shifting alliances. 
More Than This Patrick Ness (2013)
A boy called Seth drowns, desperate and alone in his final moments, but then he wakes. He is naked, thirsty, starving, but alive. He finds himself in what appears to be the  suburban English town where he lived as a child, but the neighbourhood is overgrown, covered in dust and completely abandoned. Seth searches for answers, hoping that he might not be alone, and that it might not be the hell he fears it to be.
Nexus - Ramez Naam (2013)
In the near future, the experimental nano-drug Nexus can link human minds together. There are some people who want to improve it, some who want to eradicate it and others who want to exploit it. When Kade, a young computer scientist, is caught improving Nexus, he finds himself in a world of danger and international espionage.
Crux - Ramez Naam (2013)
In the sequel to Nexus, six months have passed since the release of Nexus 5 and the world is a different, more dangerous place. Terrorists, or freedom fighters, use Nexus to turn men and women into human time bombs and a government scientist and Nexus addict uncovers the forces behind the assassinations, and finds himself in a maze with no way out: the first blows in the war between human and post-human have been struck.
Snow Crash Neal Stephenson (1992)
The Metaverse is the Internet's successor and provides a cyberspace home to avatars and software daemons, where anything goes. Newly available on the Street is Snow Crash, a cyberdrug; however, Snow Crash is also a computer virus which infects the person behind the avatar. 
The Originals Cat Patrick (2013)
The three teenage sisters grew up as identical triplets until they discovered they’re clones. The Best family appears to consist of a single mother with one daughter named Elizabeth as the sisters share one life between three. When one meets a boy, she realizes that she’s not a carbon copy of her sisters and begins to dismantle the delicate balance of her unusual family that only science could have created.

Sunday, 24 November 2013

Do we still need to think?

In my research into Young Adult fiction, I have chosen to appropriate the word ‘geek’ to describe a very technologically able individual in a world filled with digital insiders who understands the technology in their life rather than just being a user of the technology. While it would be interesting to canvas opinion on my choice and to explore what people perceive is meant by the word, a conversation I had last night reminded me of the need for us all to understand our technology, rather than just use it.

I was 18 in 1995 when the Internet started to become available to people outside academic and military institutions and I believe that having been an adult user close to its inception has helped me to think critically about it. At that time AltaVista and Yahoo! were the main search engines, with Google only joining the party in 1998. To find something, people had to parse their question, say ‘Which is the oldest college in Cambridge?’, to select the keywords in order of importance; the query would therefore become ‘cambridge college oldest’. Having grown used to this as the Internet grew, I still search this way and still expect to hunt through search results to find the answer. However, one of the aspirations of companies such as Google is to be able to understand natural language queries and even pre-empt the whole question. If you’re usually a keyword user, go and try typing the full question into Google: it suggested the whole question to me as I got to ‘college’. Watching children search for information at school, I regularly see them typing the full question as if they are simply talking to a human repository of facts.

The information I have given Google over the years helps it to guess my question as it knows I am in the UK and I assume it knows I look at .cam.ac.uk pages quite regularly. This must also be quite a common question as Google is able to find it in its archive of previous searches people have executed to find other old things.

Take another example: Amazon. How often are we told that people who bought the book that is just being downloaded to one’s Kindle also enjoyed a host of thematically related books? This is a great way for researchers to discover similar texts which may be of use, and a helpful way to find something which is unlikely to be a risky choice.

Again, our personally shopping history combined with millions of other people’s shopping history is combined, processed and spat out as recommendations.

These are only two examples out of many, but they exemplify perfectly the need to understand the technology.

Both Google and Amazon are providing an amazing and useful service in helping their users find what they want quickly, easily and efficiently. However, in doing so they are perpetrating the same questions and same recommendations to a wealth of different people linked only by a gossamer thread of curiosity or reading tastes.

Considering this in the broadest of terms, there are three things which worry me – and I believe should worry you – about this.

Firstly, moments of serendipity when we discover something by accident are excluded from the algorithms which predict what we want to know, and the likelihood of stumbling across something accidently is lost. (Communicating virtually through timed Skype meetings also has this effect as ‘watercooler moments’ are less likely to happen, but that’s for another day.)

Secondly, without serendipity, we are all being made into homogenous individuals who are privy to the same information and are expected to have similar consumer tastes.

Thirdly, an array of digital intelligences is growing on the servers of big companies dotted around the world that knows us as well as we do and is thinking for us and shaping our choices.

The technological singularity has been something of science fiction for decades. It wouldn’t be the first thing written about in fiction to become a reality.

Originally written for the Children's Literature at Cambridge blog and first posted there earlier today.